1
00:00:11,119 --> 00:00:08,390
recently Cassini has found that a tiny

2
00:00:13,299 --> 00:00:11,129
moon that orbits around Saturn has jets

3
00:00:16,190 --> 00:00:13,309
and plumes of water coming out of it

4
00:00:18,470 --> 00:00:16,200
these particles go out and they form the

5
00:00:20,780 --> 00:00:18,480
e-ring and in flying through the e-ring

6
00:00:24,349 --> 00:00:20,790
one of the instruments on Cassini the

7
00:00:27,050 --> 00:00:24,359
cosmic dust analyzer can take those

8
00:00:34,850 --> 00:00:27,060
particles and get a composition and as

9
00:00:36,920 --> 00:00:34,860
part of that they sea salt this is salt

10
00:00:39,680 --> 00:00:36,930
is what we found in the ice particles

11
00:00:41,840 --> 00:00:39,690
detected in Saturn's earring and what we

12
00:00:44,330 --> 00:00:41,850
sink is that sea salt comes from the

13
00:00:48,290 --> 00:00:44,340
ocean below the surface of the Moon and

14
00:00:51,350 --> 00:00:48,300
settles the sodium is a tracer for a

15
00:00:54,110 --> 00:00:51,360
subsurface ocean that's a material of

16
00:00:58,430 --> 00:00:54,120
the ice particles kind of important like

17
00:01:00,799 --> 00:00:58,440
on earth and that that salty ocean tells

18
00:01:02,720 --> 00:01:00,809
us something about what might be going

19
00:01:04,910 --> 00:01:02,730
on inside them and sell it is to create

20
00:01:07,790 --> 00:01:04,920
the Jets and plumes that you need water

21
00:01:11,600 --> 00:01:07,800
liquid water in contact with the rocky

22
00:01:13,370 --> 00:01:11,610
core to get out the sodium you can sort

23
00:01:14,900 --> 00:01:13,380
of think maybe the plumes are maybe sort

24
00:01:16,850 --> 00:01:14,910
of the breath of Enceladus you know

25
00:01:22,910 --> 00:01:16,860
coming out and telling us something

26
00:01:26,960 --> 00:01:25,429
so what we can say is we have a

27
00:01:30,469 --> 00:01:26,970
reservoir of liquid water and liquid

28
00:01:45,250 --> 00:01:30,479
water is one of the three conditions for

29
00:01:50,200 --> 00:01:48,580
I was surprised and also very excited to

30
00:01:52,720 --> 00:01:50,210
find out that you know we're getting

31
00:01:54,400 --> 00:01:52,730
closer and closer to the conclusion that

32
00:01:56,860 --> 00:01:54,410
you have liquid water and possibly a

33
00:01:59,380 --> 00:01:56,870
liquid ocean on a moon that's so tiny

34
00:02:00,880 --> 00:01:59,390
and in a place where we didn't expect to

35
00:02:04,180 --> 00:02:00,890
find conditions where you might find

36
00:02:06,160 --> 00:02:04,190
life this tiny moon just 300 miles

37
00:02:08,950 --> 00:02:06,170
across I'm going to have liquid water

38
00:02:15,500 --> 00:02:08,960
and the conditions that the precursors

39
00:02:20,699 --> 00:02:18,300
the focus as Cassini continues in its

40
00:02:23,039 --> 00:02:20,709
Equinox mission and continues on into

41
00:02:26,070 --> 00:02:23,049
the future will be to have more close

42
00:02:29,670 --> 00:02:26,080
flybys of Enceladus to fly through that

43
00:02:32,190 --> 00:02:29,680
plume fly close to this tiny moon to